Local side effects result from deposition of an active ICS in the oropharynx during administration of the drug. However, they can be clinically significant, affect patient quality of life, hinder compliance with therapy, and mask symptoms of more serious disease. These local side effects-including oropharyngeal candidiasis, dysphonia, pharyngitis, and cough-are generally viewed as minor complications of therapy. In contrast, relatively few studies have been performed to specifically evaluate local side effects of ICS. Systemic side effects of ICS have been extensively studied. The widespread use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for the treatment of persistent asthma, although highly effective, may be associated with both systemic and local side effects.
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